вторник, 12 март 2013 г.

Confucious


Confucius was a Chinese teacher, editor, politician, and philosopher of the Spring and Autumn Period of Chinese history (551–479 BCE). The philosophy of Confucius emphasized personal and governmental morality, correctness of social relationships, justice and sincerity. His followers competed successfully with many other schools during the Hundred Schools of Thought era only to be suppressed in favor of the Legalists during the Qin Dynasty. Following the victory of Han over Chu after the collapse of Qin, Confucius's thoughts received official sanction and were further developed into a system known as Confucianism.

As a youth, he worked as an administrator in a small Lu and rose to the post of Minister of Justice, when age fifty three. After two years of service in the post, Confucius left because he disagreed with the policy of the prince of Lu.

In Thoughts of Confucius, Lu was prosperous because of the wise management of Confucius, but this is hardly true, as he has held senior positions in either Lou or elsewhere. According to legend, in the neighboring state Qi  was worried that Lu is very strong and decided to sabotage the development of Lou as a great send 100 horses and 80 beautiful dancers ruler of Lu. He even devoted his merriment and pleasure, which lasted three days, during which the ruler never looked civil and religious affairs. As a sign of disapproval of the conduct of his master, Confucius left Lu.

Confucius's principles had a basis in common Chinese tradition and belief. He championed strong family loyalty, ancestor worship, respect of elders by their children (and in traditional interpretations) of husbands by their wives. He also recommended family as a basis for ideal government. He espoused the well-known principle "Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself", an early version of the Golden Rule.

Confucius is traditionally credited with having authored or edited many of the Chinese classic texts including all of the Five Classics, but modern scholars are cautious of attributing specific assertions to Confucius himself. Aphorisms concerning his teachings were compiled in the Analects, but only many years after his death.

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